I haven't looked at the shop manual, but that looks like an intake resonator. Usually added to make the intake sound the way they want and/or remove an annoying resonance. Removal of such a device might make for more/better or sometimes worse sound. I don't think you'd gain or lose any significant power, though, unless it's designed to be part of the intake runner's tuning.
Someone here can correct me if I'm wrong.
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