Hello,
shift fork – that is what i've meant with "claw".
Number 7 on your picture is the shift fork 1st/2nd gear.
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Number 32 is the shift fork for 5/6th gear. As you can see it is fixed with a hexagon bolt (13). Maybe this came loose. This would explain why you could push in 6th gear one time.
Number 6 on the photo is the push rod for 5/6th gear. It has some locking elements (7/8) in it. If they get loose i think you won't be able to shift these gears anymore.
Hope this is helpful.
Regards, Markus